Responsibility
It is one of the most commonly measured water quality variables in aquaculture, and probably the most misunderstood water quality variable in aquaculture. The pH levels in water have a propensity to change rapidly, but this is a natural phenomenon that often has little consequences and not much can be done to avoid it.
Responsibility
La comprensión del ciclo hidrológico, las propiedades físicas únicas del agua y su comportamiento en sistemas acuícolas - fases, humedad, saturación, estratificación, reflexión de la luz y refracción- es pertinente para manejar adecuadamente la calidad del agua en los sistemas de producción, según el reconocido experto Dr. Claude Boyd.
Responsibility
Understanding the hydrologic cycle, water’s unique physical properties and their behavior in aquaculture systems – phases, humidity, saturation, stratification, light reflection and refraction – is pertinent to properly manage water quality in production systems, according to world-renowned expert Dr. Claude Boyd.
Responsibility
Nitrogen and phosphorus are the most important nutrients in fertilization of both freshwater and coastal ponds. Many factors that can affect the response of ponds to fertilizers are location-specific. Aquaculture pond managers will have to figure out the best procedure for a given location or even for an individual pond.
Responsibility
Total alkalinity is an important variable in water for aquaculture systems, and its concentration frequently fluctuates over time in many culture systems.
Responsibility
Keep adequate concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the culture water by balancing stocking and feeding rates with the amount of mechanical aeration applied. To prevent anaerobic conditions at the sediment-water interface, aerators should be positioned to promote the flow of oxygenated water across the pond bottom.
Responsibility
Liming is an important management tool for preparing aquaculture ponds between and during production cycles. Several products are sometimes used in aquaculture for liming production ponds, including agricultural limestone, calcium silicate (CaSiO3) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).
Health & Welfare
Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the earth’s crust, but occurs at very low concentrations in surface waters and oceans. It is an essential element for many organisms as part of many enzymes, and also has an important role in plant photosynthesis.
Responsibility
Los programas de certificación actualmente son la mejor herramienta para asegurar que los productos acuícolas se producen de manera responsable. Sin embargo, estos programas pueden ser sobrecargados por muchos requisitos superfluos y su simplificación, centrándose principalmente en las cuestiones principales, sería una gran mejora.
Responsibility
Certification programs presently are the best tool to assure that aquaculture products are responsibly produced. But these programs can be burdened by many superfluous requirements and their simplification by focusing primarily on the major issues would be a great improvement.
Responsibility
Proper monitoring of water quality in aquaculture production systems is critical to enable appropriate and timely management decisions. It requires reliable equipment, trained technicians that follow instructions and apply quality control measures, proper reagents and calibrated equipment, and appropriately collected water samples that are promptly analyzed.
Health & Welfare
Los estanques acuícolas acumulan materia orgánica de fertilizantes orgánicos, restos de micro-organismos producidos dentro del estanque, las heces de los animales criados y el alimento no-consumido. Claude E. Boyd, Ph.D., detalla las principales prácticas de gestión de la materia orgánica, y dice que frecuentemente la acumulación de materia orgánica no es tan grande como se creía.
Health & Welfare
Aquaculture ponds accumulate organic matter from organic fertilizer, remains of microorganisms produced within the pond, feces of the culture animals and uneaten feed. Claude E. Boyd, Ph.D., details the leading organic matter management practices, and says that the accumulation of organic matter is often not as great as believed.
Health & Welfare
Phytoplanktonic organisms, or microalgae, are very abundant in aquaculture ponds and have critical roles in these ecosystems, significantly influencing overall pond ecology and water quality. Proper management of phytoplankton populations is essential for successful aquaculture pond production.
Responsibility
Although relatively expensive, mechanical aeration increases production. Asian-style paddlewheel aerators are widely used but are inefficient. Testing has led to more efficient designs that are now widely used in U.S. catfish and shrimp ponds.
Responsibility
Aquatic plants and animals get the essential nutrients calcium and magnesium from water and food. Calcium concentrations impact the hydration and development of eggs in a hatchery, where calcium carbonate precipitation can be troublesome.